Now the combination of current u-boot and edge kernel works just fine: linux-image-edge-meson64-23.02.2 contains kernel 6.2.0-rc3-meson64, linux-u-boot-khadas-vim3-current-23.02.2 contains u-boot 2022.07.
Concerning your recovery question, do you run from emmc, or SD card? SD card is easier, insert into another arm linux, do chroot and downgrade/upgrade uboot and kernel.
If you run from emmc, you can flash a minimal system on SD card and insert it. SD card should is booted booted before emmc. Then you chroot and repair. Hope, it helps.