I also am suddenly having issues where the second drive isn't recognized and "SATA link down" in dmesg.
22.08.4 was working, I started seeing the issue after updating to 22.11.1
I rolled back the following packages and the drive is recognized again.
sudo apt install linux-dtb-current-meson64:arm64=22.08.4 linux-image-current-meson64:arm64=22.08.4 linux-libc-dev:arm64=22.08.6 linux-u-boot-odroidhc4-current:arm64=22.08.6