OK, I solved the problem by installing an Armbian 5.20 image I found searching for "armbian_5.20_orangepilite_debian_jessie_3.4.112.7z" on Google. However, it's not an optimal solution, because I have to be careful when updating, and Debian Jessie will no longer be supported on June 30, 2020. In order to keep it working, I have to put the following packages on hold:
# apt-mark hold armbian-firmware armbian-tools-jessie linux-headers-sun8i linux-image-sun8i linux-jessie-root-orangepilite linux-u-boot-orangepilite-default sunxi-tools
GRBaset got a reaction from gounthar in Orange Pi camera not working on OPi Lite