I just solved persistent network name for my Armbian 23.02.2 Focal with Linux 5.15.93-rockchip64 on NanoPi R4S with a systemd .link file.
I came up with this generic .link file for NanoPi R4S based on https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames and the man page for systemd.link(5).
user@nanopir4s:/etc/systemd/network$ cat 10-persistent-net.link
#/etc/systemd/network/10-persistent-net.link
[Match]
#MACAddress=04:91:62:11:22:33
Path=platform-fe300000.ethernet
[Link]
Name=enx0
The naming of the CPU-based ethernet device (fe300000.ethernet RTL8211E) was subject to a race at boot with the PCIe ethernet device (r8169 RTL8168h/8111h).
user@nanopir4s:~$ sudo dmesg | grep -E 'eth|rtl|816|fe300'
[ 2.335890] pci 0000:01:00.0: [10ec:8168] type 00 class 0x020000
[ 3.118663] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: IRQ eth_wake_irq not found
[ 3.118683] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: IRQ eth_lpi not found
[ 3.118810] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: PTP uses main clock
[ 3.119098] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: clock input or output? (input).
[ 3.119112] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: TX delay(0x28).
[ 3.119123] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: RX delay(0x11).
[ 3.119140] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: integrated PHY? (no).
[ 3.119213] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: cannot get clock clk_mac_speed
[ 3.119222] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: clock input from PHY
[ 3.125215] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: init for RGMII
[ 3.126451] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: User ID: 0x10, Synopsys ID: 0x35
[ 3.126474] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: DWMAC1000
[ 3.126484] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: DMA HW capability register supported
[ 3.126494] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: RX Checksum Offload Engine supported
[ 3.126502] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: COE Type 2
[ 3.126510] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: TX Checksum insertion supported
[ 3.126519] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: Wake-Up On Lan supported
[ 3.126630] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: Normal descriptors
[ 3.126640] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: Ring mode enabled
[ 3.126648] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet: Enable RX Mitigation via HW Watchdog Timer
[ 3.161734] r8169 0000:01:00.0 eth0: RTL8168h/8111h, f2:ca:e6:11:22:33, XID 541, IRQ 91
[ 3.161771] r8169 0000:01:00.0 eth0: jumbo features [frames: 9194 bytes, tx checksumming: ko]
[ 3.442048] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: renamed from eth0
[ 8.069286] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: renamed from eth1
[ 17.312235] Generic FE-GE Realtek PHY r8169-0-100:00: attached PHY driver (mii_bus:phy_addr=r8169-0-100:00, irq=MAC)
[ 17.517652] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: Link is Down
[ 17.569528] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: PHY [stmmac-0:01] driver [RTL8211E Gigabit Ethernet] (irq=90)
[ 17.573204] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: Register MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL RxQ-0
[ 17.574462] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: No Safety Features support found
[ 17.574550] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: PTP not supported by HW
[ 17.575063] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: configuring for phy/rgmii link mode
[ 21.020601] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control rx/tx
[ 21.270522] rk_gmac-dwmac fe300000.ethernet enx0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control rx/tx
First I tried by MAC address then tried the more generic path_id
user@nanopir4s:~$ sudo udevadm test-builtin net_id /sys/class/net/enx0
Load module index
Parsed configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Parsed configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/network/73-usb-net-by-mac.link
Parsed configuration file /etc/systemd/network/10-persistent-net.link
Created link configuration context.
Using default interface naming scheme 'v245'.
ID_NET_NAMING_SCHEME=v245
ID_NET_NAME_MAC=enx049162112233
ID_OUI_FROM_DATABASE=Microchip Technology Inc.
Unload module index
Unloaded link configuration context.
user@nanopir4s:~$ sudo udevadm test-builtin path_id /sys/class/net/enx0
Load module index
Parsed configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/network/99-default.link
Parsed configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/network/73-usb-net-by-mac.link
Parsed configuration file /etc/systemd/network/10-persistent-net.link
Created link configuration context.
ID_PATH=platform-fe300000.ethernet
ID_PATH_TAG=platform-fe300000_ethernet
Unload module index
Unloaded link configuration context.