Today me and tricolery solved the problem together. (We live near each other and we also bought the cubieboard2 together).
We followed the steps described here: https://linux-sunxi.org/U-Bootand managed to solve our problem. We did not change anything, we just downloaded and compiled using the cubieboard2.
If anyone here still have this problem and tried everything described here on this topic try these steps:
git clone -b sunxi https://github.com/linux-sunxi/u-boot-sunxi.git
cd u-boot-sunxi
make cubieboard2_config
make
dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1024 seek=8
reboot
Dont know if this u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin is the newest, but it is working now.
(I attached the u-boot here if anyone is interested)
u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.zip