Also having similar issues and using an external Apple 100Mbps ethernet USB dongle I have laying around from work:
root@odroidc2:~# dmesg |grep -i eth0
[ 38.250881] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: no phy at addr -1
[ 38.251632] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)
[ 38.326577] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: no phy at addr -1
[ 38.327349] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)
[ 38.353188] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: no phy at addr -1
[ 38.353954] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)
[ 38.379975] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: no phy at addr -1
[ 38.384302] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)
[ 38.405938] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: no phy at addr -1
[ 38.406693] meson8b-dwmac c9410000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)
root@odroidc2:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1e:06:33:ab:5d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: enx086d41e4bdc7: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:6d:41:e4:bd:c7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.124/25 brd 192.168.0.127 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enx086d41e4bdc7
valid_lft 312sec preferred_lft 312sec
inet6 fe80::5797:150:76db:3068/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@odroidc2:~# uname -a
Linux odroidc2 5.10.21-meson64 #21.02.3 SMP PREEMPT Mon Mar 8 07:22:00 UTC 2021 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux