Here some news.
I have tried with my pc monitor and that was the same.
I try to edit
/boot/armbianEnv.txt
with adding
extraargs=video=HDMI-A-1:1920x1080@60
with no success.
So I go to armbian irc to find help and TheBug was there.
We test
https://armbian.tnahosting.net/dl/odroidc2/archive/Armbian_22.05.1_Odroidc2_jammy_edge_5.17.5_xfce_desktop.img.xz
and
https://armbian.tnahosting.net/archive/odroidc2/archive/Armbian_22.02.1_Odroidc2_focal_current_5.10.102_cinnamon_desktop.img.xz
but nothing change for me.
Maybe some solution here: https://forum.odroid.com/viewtopic.php?t=39892
Because I'm not comfortable with patching I don't have tried.
So I grab latest ubuntu mate from hardkernel here to try and it boot like a charm with display.