The problem happens easily when there is written a lot to /var/log.
This can even corrupt your system when an apt dist-upgrade fails right in the middle due to lack of space in /var/log.
The problem is due to armbian ramlog on devices with little ram, like older raspberry or banana pis.
The easiest way to solve it, is to disable ramlog in /etc/default/armbian-ramlog and zram in /etc/default/armbian-zram-config.
Be aware though that this makes heavier use of your SD card, though.
I usually solve the problem by attaching a USB device (preferably an SSD) for swap, /var/log and /tmp or by using a large SD card which has plenty of spare blocks.