Hello, I also had problems to boot RockPi 4 SE and transfer it to a NVME card. However my misstake was to update the initial install of the SD card.
It was true that the Armbian 5.10 could be updated first and then transferred to a NVME card and it worked good. Thank you erazer1.
The way to install Armbian_22.11.0-trunk_Rockpi-4b_bullseye_current_5.15.76_minimal was just to boot it up make your user account. Then, 1. sudo apt update 2. sudo apt install armbian-config 3. run armbian-config and follow step 1 there. Both install to USB and NVME worked for me. I also made the firmware update from armbian-config.
After reboot I made all the upgrades and so on, install Openmediavault and PLEX. Quite nice!
I got this RockPi 4 SE just three days ago as an upgrade for my Raspberry which is now retired. I was quite disappointed that this Rock had problems but luckily I found this tread.