I had another issue with SATA on Banana Pro, Armbian 5.0, kernel 4.4.1.
[ 3.447472] ahci-sunxi 1c18000.sata: PHY power up failed.
[ 3.447540] ahci-sunxi: probe of 1c18000.sata failed with error -5
Found the same problem here http://forum.armbian.com/index.php/topic/643-no-sata-on-fresh-compile/
But patch didn't helped me. I've hardcoded power up for SATA in u-boot for Banana Pro board, recompiled and now it's working.
I'm new here, so I've chosen bananapi in "Choose a board" dialog. Is it correct for Banana Pro?