I've been using the Armbian R1 image (Armbian_20.02.1_Nanopi-r1_buster_current_5.4.20.7z) on the NanoPi R1S with good success. In particular, the USB host port worked perfectly, with no changes required.
I thought it was probably about time to upgrade to a newer kernel, so I downloaded Armbian_21.02.1_Nanopi-r1_focal_current_5.10.12.img, flashed it to an SD card, and booted. However, plugging in an external USB device results in absolutely zero shoing up in `dmesg -w`. I tried a USB-UART (STM32-based ACM), USB3 hub, USB 3 Mass Storage (Kingston 16GB), and a Playstation 3 Eye, without any entries in dmesg.
To do some debugging, I also downloaded Armbian_21.02.1_Nanopi-r1_buster_current_5.10.12.img, and did the same testing, with the same result. I have verified that there is power on the Vcc, as the camera's microphone light lights up.
I should mention that the built-in Realtek 8153 Ethernet port IS recognised:
root@nanopi-r1:~# lsusb
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0bda:8153 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8153 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
root@nanopi-r1:~#
Any suggestions as to what I can do to figure out why this USB port is not working?