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Hello, I apologize for my bad English. I have a NanoPi R6S and a NanoPC T6. Both Nano devices have Armbian images. Both devices use a processor: CPU Model: Rockchip RK3588 Number of Cores: Quad-core ARM Cortex-A76 + Quad Core Cortex-A55 Frequency: Cortex-A76 (up to 2.4GHz), Cortex-A55 (up to 1.8GHz) A few things struck me On NanoPi R6S in the dts file, the frequency of A76 cores is up to 2.4GHz you can see the frequencies at which each core works cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 2016000 2208000 2352000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 2016000 2208000 2352000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 2016000 2208000 2256000 408000 600000 816000 1008000 1200000 1416000 1608000 1800000 2016000 2208000 2256000 governors: cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil On NanoPi T6 in the dts file, the frequency of A76 cores is up to 2.2GHz - I fixed it /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies - this is missing. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors - this is missing, having instead cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuidle/available_governors ladder menu teo NanoPi R6S is currently running kernel 5.10.110-rockchip-rk3588 NanoPC T6 is currently running kernel 6.8.0-rc6-edge-rockchip-rk3588 I also noticed differences in CPU cache. NanoPI R6S Architecture: aarch64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 8 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 2 Socket(s): 3 Vendor ID: ARM Model: 0 Model name: Cortex-A55 Stepping: r2p0 CPU max MHz: 2352.0000 CPU min MHz: 408.0000 BogoMIPS: 48.00 L1d cache: 256 KiB L1i cache: 256 KiB L2 cache: 1 MiB L3 cache: 3 MiB Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Vulnerable: Unprivileged eBPF enabled Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp NanoPC T6 Architecture: aarch64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 8 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7 Vendor ID: ARM Model name: Cortex-A55 Model: 0 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 4 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: r2p0 BogoMIPS: 48.00 Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp Model name: Cortex-A76 Model: 0 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 4 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: r4p0 BogoMIPS: 48.00 Flags: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 atomics fphp asimdhp cpuid asimdrdm lrcpc dcpop asimddp Caches (sum of all): L1d: 384 KiB (8 instances) L1i: 384 KiB (8 instances) L2: 2.5 MiB (8 instances) L3: 3 MiB (1 instance) NUMA: NUMA node(s): 1 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7 Vulnerabilities: Gather data sampling: Not affected Itlb multihit: Not affected L1tf: Not affected Mds: Not affected Meltdown: Not affected Mmio stale data: Not affected Retbleed: Not affected Spec rstack overflow: Not affected Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl Spectre v1: Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization Spectre v2: Vulnerable: Unprivileged eBPF enabled Srbds: Not affected Tsx async abort: Not affected When using the command: cpufreq-info NanoPI R6S cpufreq-info cpufrequtils 008: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009 Report errors and bugs to cpufreq@vger.kernel.org, please. analyzing CPU 0: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0 1 2 3 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0 1 2 3 maximum transition latency: 84.0 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 1.80 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 1.80 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:76.72%, 600 MHz:6.69%, 816 MHz:0.31%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:16.29% (11087717) analyzing CPU 1: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0 1 2 3 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0 1 2 3 maximum transition latency: 84.0 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 1.80 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 1.80 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:76.72%, 600 MHz:6.69%, 816 MHz:0.31%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:16.29% (11087717) analyzing CPU 2: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0 1 2 3 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0 1 2 3 maximum transition latency: 84.0 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 1.80 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 1.80 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:76.72%, 600 MHz:6.69%, 816 MHz:0.31%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:16.29% (11087717) analyzing CPU 3: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0 1 2 3 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0 1 2 3 maximum transition latency: 84.0 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 1.80 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 1.80 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:76.72%, 600 MHz:6.69%, 816 MHz:0.31%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:16.29% (11087717) analyzing CPU 4: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 4 5 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 4 5 maximum transition latency: 324 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 2.35 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 2.02 GHz, 2.21 GHz, 2.35 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 2.35 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:85.33%, 600 MHz:1.13%, 816 MHz:0.40%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:0.00%, 2.02 GHz:0.00%, 2.21 GHz:0.00%, 2.35 GHz:13.14% (2586948) analyzing CPU 5: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 4 5 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 4 5 maximum transition latency: 324 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 2.35 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 2.02 GHz, 2.21 GHz, 2.35 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 2.35 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:85.33%, 600 MHz:1.13%, 816 MHz:0.40%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:0.00%, 2.02 GHz:0.00%, 2.21 GHz:0.00%, 2.35 GHz:13.14% (2586948) analyzing CPU 6: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 6 7 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 6 7 maximum transition latency: 324 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 2.26 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 2.02 GHz, 2.21 GHz, 2.26 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 2.26 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:92.30%, 600 MHz:0.44%, 816 MHz:0.16%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:0.00%, 2.02 GHz:0.00%, 2.21 GHz:0.00%, 2.26 GHz:7.10% (1012245) analyzing CPU 7: driver: cpufreq-dt CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 6 7 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 6 7 maximum transition latency: 324 us. hardware limits: 408 MHz - 2.26 GHz available frequency steps: 408 MHz, 600 MHz, 816 MHz, 1.01 GHz, 1.20 GHz, 1.42 GHz, 1.61 GHz, 1.80 GHz, 2.02 GHz, 2.21 GHz, 2.26 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil current policy: frequency should be within 408 MHz and 2.26 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 408 MHz (asserted by call to hardware). cpufreq stats: 408 MHz:92.30%, 600 MHz:0.44%, 816 MHz:0.16%, 1.01 GHz:0.00%, 1.20 GHz:0.00%, 1.42 GHz:0.00%, 1.61 GHz:0.00%, 1.80 GHz:0.00%, 2.02 GHz:0.00%, 2.21 GHz:0.00%, 2.26 GHz:7.10% (1012245) NanoPC T6 cpufreq-info cpufrequtils 008: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009 Report errors and bugs to cpufreq@vger.kernel.org, please. analyzing CPU 0: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 1: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 2: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 3: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 4: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 5: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 6: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. analyzing CPU 7: no or unknown cpufreq driver is active on this CPU maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. The CPU driver appears to be missing. When using the command: cpu-info NanoPI R6S cpu-info Packages: 0: Unknown Microarchitectures: 4x Cortex-A76 4x Cortex-A55 Cores: 0: 1 processor (0), ARM Cortex-A76 1: 1 processor (1), ARM Cortex-A76 2: 1 processor (2), ARM Cortex-A76 3: 1 processor (3), ARM Cortex-A76 4: 1 processor (4), ARM Cortex-A55 5: 1 processor (5), ARM Cortex-A55 6: 1 processor (6), ARM Cortex-A55 7: 1 processor (7), ARM Cortex-A55 NanoPC T6 cpu-info Packages: 0: Unknown Microarchitectures: 8x Cortex-A55 Cores: 0: 1 processor (0), ARM Cortex-A55 1: 1 processor (1), ARM Cortex-A55 2: 1 processor (2), ARM Cortex-A55 3: 1 processor (3), ARM Cortex-A55 4: 1 processor (4), ARM Cortex-A55 5: 1 processor (5), ARM Cortex-A55 6: 1 processor (6), ARM Cortex-A55 7: 1 processor (7), ARM Cortex-A55 My question is the following. Are the differences because of the dts file or because of the kernel. Anyone else using a NanoPC T6 and would like to help fix this? At the moment, I'm not using NanoPC T6 as a server yet, and I have the opportunity to experiment. It will be used as a small server for graphics, tftp and others. Is there any additional information needed. Regards,

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