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Forgot to mention, it will boot the SD card image from a USB adapter.

I recently bought a used OrangePi 5, when it arrived it had a working Ubuntu image on an SD card. I decided to format the card and put my own image of Armbian on the card using the Armbian imager. when installed the card would no longer boot. lights on board but black screen no HDMI output. I tried several different SD cards and different images all with the same result (A1 Sandisk cards) Eventually I tried a hail mary and put an Armbian image on a really old USB thumb stick and it immediately booted and worked just fine. I tried putting the OrangePi os on one of my SD cards for kicks and it gets HDMI output but is just stuck on the OrangePi splash screen When I insert the SD card while running on the USB thumb drive image I can view the partitions and see that the OS image is correctly installed on the SD. I can't figure out where I'm going wrong, am I having a bootloader compatability issue with armbian?

aliexpress.com/item/1005011593571835.html Teclast P50Ai which should be almost identical T60 AI now lurks at a price of 68 euro shipped in EU for some time. aliexpress.com/item/1005011827691576.html Telcast T60Ai comes at around 120 euro shipped in EU. I note that these may be last units of a production batch. As far as I can see, https://github.com/jonas5/orangepi-4pro-armbian may be the hope for newer kernel with GPU acceleration.

Hi @sven-ola thank you so much for the detailed and thoughtful response — and for taking the time to actually try it yourself! The DKMS approach makes perfect sense; it's clean, survives kernel updates automatically, and fits right in with what's already working on the board for bcmdhd. I'll follow your instructions for b2c2-flexcop-usb. Really appreciate the effort you put into this! 🙏

While I am here: I have a Mediatek Tri-Band Wifi card installed in my RV2 (label reads MT7922A22M). There's a matching driver in OpenWrt created by Felix and friends. This will take some time until pushed upstream. So, why not make it a DKMS module? That's how things started 🤪 # Grab bleeding edge Wifi from OpenWrt cd /usr/src git clone https://github.com/openwrt/mt76.git mt76-6.18 cd mt76-6.18 # Source code massage (needs OpenWrt kernel patch, missing include) git revert 9a46d8d2 sed '/^#include <linux\/kernel.h>/i#include <linux/version.h>' mt76.h # New DKMS config (with more than one module) cat > dkms.conf << "EOF" PACKAGE_NAME="mt76" PACKAGE_VERSION="6.18" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[0]="mt76" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[0]="/updates/dkms" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[1]="mt76-connac-lib" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[1]="/updates/dkms" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[2]="mt792x-lib" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[2]="/updates/dkms" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[3]="mt7921e" BUILT_MODULE_LOCATION[3]="mt7921" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[3]="/updates/dkms" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[4]="mt7921-common" BUILT_MODULE_LOCATION[4]="mt7921" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[4]="/updates/dkms" AUTOINSTALL="yes" MAKE="make -C ${kernel_source_dir} M=${dkms_tree}/${PACKAGE_NAME}/${PACKAGE_VERSION}/build CONFIG_WLAN_VENDOR_MEDIATEK=y CONFIG_MT76_CORE=m CONFIG_MT76_LEDS=y CONFIG_MT76_CONNAC_LIB=m CONFIG_MT792x_LIB=m CONFIG_MT7921_COMMON=m CONFIG_MT7921E=m " EOF # Add, build, install, and add matching firmware dkms add -m mt76 -v 6.18 dkms build -m mt76 -v 6.18 dkms install -m mt76 -v 6.18 cp -av firmware/ /lib/firmware/updates/mediatek # Give it a try reboot

Thanks for sharing the header file. I have downloaded that and deployed using dpkg -i <packge name> In order to deploy the VFD, the steps I have followed are given here. I have enclosed the attachment that contains commands and their outcome to keep this post shorter. Below given error message while trying to start the openvfd.service root@x98h:~/linux_openvfd#systemctl daemon-reload root@x98h:~/linux_openvfd# systemctl start openvfd.service Job for openvfd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status openvfd.service" and "journalctl -xeu openvfd.service" for details. root@x98h:~/linux_openvfd# systemctl status openvfd.service × openvfd.service - openvfd Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/openvfd.service; disabled; preset: ena> Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2026-06-02 00:07:40 IST; 4min> Process: 2297 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/sh -c . /etc/openvfd.conf; /usr/sbin/mo> Process: 2299 ExecStopPost=/usr/sbin/rmmod openvfd (code=exited, status=1/F> CPU: 47ms Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h systemd[1]: Starting openvfd.service - openvfd... Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h sh[2298]: modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'openvfd': Exe> Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h systemd[1]: openvfd.service: Control process exited, code=> Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h rmmod[2299]: rmmod: ERROR: Module openvfd is not currently> Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h systemd[1]: openvfd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code> Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h systemd[1]: Failed to start openvfd.service - openvfd. Jun 02 00:07:40 x98h systemd[1]: Failed to start openvfd.service - openvfd. ░░ Subject: A start job for unit openvfd.service has failed ░░ Defined-By: systemd ░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support ░░ ░░ A start job for unit openvfd.service has finished with a failure. ░░ ░░ The job identifier is 782 and the job result is failed. Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h systemd[1]: Starting openvfd.service - openvfd... ░░ Subject: A start job for unit openvfd.service has begun execution ░░ Defined-By: systemd ░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support ░░ ░░ A start job for unit openvfd.service has begun execution. ░░ ░░ The job identifier is 855. Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h sh[2317]: modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'openvfd': Exec format error Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h systemd[1]: openvfd.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE ░░ Subject: Unit process exited ░░ Defined-By: systemd ░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support ░░ ░░ An ExecStartPre= process belonging to unit openvfd.service has exited. ░░ ░░ The process' exit code is 'exited' and its exit status is 1. Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h rmmod[2318]: rmmod: ERROR: Module openvfd is not currently loaded Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h systemd[1]: openvfd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. ░░ Subject: Unit failed ░░ Defined-By: systemd ░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support ░░ ░░ The unit openvfd.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'. Jun 02 00:15:18 x98h systemd[1]: Failed to start openvfd.service - openvfd. ░░ Subject: A start job for unit openvfd.service has failed ░░ Defined-By: systemd ░░ Support: https://www.debian.org/support ░░ ░░ A start job for unit openvfd.service has finished with a failure. ░░ ░░ The job identifier is 855 and the job result is failed. VFD_Service_Logs.txt

@sr4armbian You need this kernel header. https://github.com/NickAlilovic/build/releases/download/20250306/linux-headers-edge-sunxi64_25.05.0-trunk_arm64__6.12.11-S62b2-Da873-P6755-C1a9bH02eb-HK01ba-Vc222-B9bbb-R448a.deb

@Nick A Thanks for your reply. This box got FD6551 chip set that is handling the Front Side Display. I have opened the box and double checked this. I also checked the status of the VFD when the box booted from Android image it came with. The VFD looks similar to the one found in the picture given here. Below given is the section from stock android dts file. I can share the entire dts if you are looking for any other specific details. fd655_para { device_type = "fd655_para"; compatible = "Ik,fd655_dev"; fd655_clk_io = <0x23 0x07 0x06 0x01>; fd655_dat_io = <0x23 0x07 0x07 0x01>; status = "okay"; }; Since the alternate VFD configuration requires latest Linux headers, I am getting errors and I have posted about that in the respective thread in this forum. Trying to deploy the OpenVFD which could be possible. I will share the boot logs at the earliest.

The blue revision is not different in this case. I have it running here too. My recommendation would be to flash the u-boot spi bin inside the u-boot deb generated by armbian build. `dpkg -x xyz.deb ./output` and rkdeveloptool are the things to use here

Hello @mBesar, while I can build images with additional kernel modules, the next "apt-get upgrade" may install a newer kernel that discards such additions. Why not build this on your own? There is already a working DKMS build system on the board for the bcmdhd wifi module. On the next kernel update, DKMS will recompile bcmdhd.ko for the new kernel automatically. Sadly, when I tried this for b2c2-flexcop-usb, it was not too easy to do. Armbian does not provide kernel sources with "apt-source", and the mentioned module itself uses an additional "-i include-dir" during build. So as an example, try to do this on your board: As root: # Change two times "Types: deb deb-src" nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources # Check for avail linux image packages, this time 6.18.5-deb13-parisc apt-get update grep linux-image /var/lib/apt/lists/*Sources|grep 6\\.18|less -S # We are not interested in this image, we just need some source code cd /usr/src apt-get source linux-image-6.18.5+deb13-parisc # Add a new DKMS module (dkms already here b/c bcmdhd wifi driver) mkdir /usr/src/b2c2-flexcop-usb-6.18 cd /usr/src/b2c2-flexcop-usb-6.18 cat > dkms.conf << "EOF" PACKAGE_NAME="b2c2-flexcop-usb" PACKAGE_VERSION="6.18" BUILT_MODULE_NAME[0]="b2c2-flexcop-usb" DEST_MODULE_LOCATION[0]="/updates/dkms" AUTOINSTALL="yes" MAKE="make -C ${kernel_source_dir} M=${dkms_tree}/${PACKAGE_NAME}/${PACKAGE_VERSION}/build CONFIG_DVB_B2C2_FLEXCOP_USB=m" EOF # What subsys do we need? Says: drivers/media/usb/b2c2, then grab that dir grep DVB_B2C2_FLEXCOP_USB $(find /usr/src/linux-6.18.5 -name Kconfig*) cp -av /usr/src/linux-6.18.5/drivers/media/usb/b2c2/. . # The module Makefile uses an additional include dir. We simply copy them here cp -av /usr/src/linux-6.18.5/drivers/media/common/b2c2/*.h . # Register, build, and install dkms add -m b2c2-flexcop-usb -v 6.18 dkms build -m b2c2-flexcop-usb -v 6.18 dkms install -m b2c2-flexcop-usb -v 6.18 HTH // Sven-Ola

@sr4armbian I need more information. Boot logs, error codes, anything you think might be useful.

All moved.

@Nick A Apologies for overlooking the model number. As you suggested, I tried the x98h image from here, and the image worked fine. With this image, both USB ports, Ethernet, and WiFi work without any modification or tweak. Thanks a lot for directing me towards the right image. 🙏 Now, I am trying to get the VFD working. So far, I have tried OpenVFD and the alternative method mentioned here without success. Do you have any suggestions for getting it to work?

Rock-5c vendor builds are good. Current is good except for audio: Armbian_26.5.1_Rock-5c_resolute_vendor_6.1.115_gnome_desktop Boot from SD card - okay Connect via ssh - okay Ethernet iperf3 - okay USB2 ports - okay USB3 ports - okay Reboot - okay Shutdown - okay HDMI video - okay HDMI audio - okay Headphone jack audio - okay Armbian_26.5.1_Rock-5c_resolute_vendor_6.1.115_minimal Boot from SD card - okay Connect via ssh - okay Ethernet iperf3 - okay USB2 ports - okay USB3 ports - okay Reboot - okay Shutdown - okay HDMI video - okay Armbian_26.5.1_Rock-5c_resolute_current_6.18.33_gnome_desktop Boot from SD card - okay Connect via ssh - okay Ethernet iperf3 - okay USB2 ports - okay USB3 ports - okay Reboot - okay Shutdown - okay HDMI video - okay HDMI audio - FAILED Headphone jack audio - FAILED Bluetooth audio - FAILED

Orange Pi 5B subforum has recurring threads about eMMC boot loops, WiFi/Bluetooth regressions on mainline kernels, and the general "what image actually works on this thing" question. Joshua-Riek's ubuntu-rockchip was a common answer to that for a long time, but it was archived recently. This is a personal continuation fork in case it's useful to anyone working through those same issues. What this is: - Fork of Joshua-Riek/ubuntu-rockchip (archived) — same vendor 6.1 kernel base, not mainline - Therefore: onboard WiFi/BT works (no mainline driver regressions), eMMC boots reliably - Scope: Orange Pi 5B + Ubuntu 24.04 (Noble) only. jammy/oracular/plucky suite configs removed. - Single-maintainer hobby project. Best-effort, no SLA. v1.0.0 contents: - Kernel ABI bumped to 6.1.0-1027.27 - Backported CVE-2026-46333 (ssh-keysign-pwn) — upstream commit 31e62c2ebbfd cherry-picked onto noble-security branch - Build-kernel.sh patched for GCC 14+ host compatibility (the 6.1 vendor tree's -Werror defaults conflict with stricter warning-to-error promotion introduced in GCC 14 and inherited by GCC 15)"— the 6.1 vendor tree fails to compile on Ubuntu 24.04+ / Debian Trixie+ hosts due to -Werror promotion. Fix is KCFLAGS=-Wno-error for the kernel proper plus sed-stripping hardcoded -Werror from libbpf, libsubcmd, objtool, and libperf tool Makefiles. Without this, you can't rebuild Joshua's kernel from source on a modern host. - Tested as a daily driver on OPi 5B hardware with reboot loop test, cpu burn. running 4k screensaver. Known limitations (carried over from upstream): - Mali GPU PPA (panfork-mesa) and jjriek/rockchip userspace PPAs are no longer maintained. Frozen at the versions Joshua left them. Not a competitor to Armbian — different scope, different kernel approach. If you're getting clean results with Armbian on your 5B, stick with what works. This is for the case where Armbian's mainline kernel breaks onboard hardware or you specifically need the Joshua-Riek tree. Credit: this is a continuation, not original work. Joshua-Riek did the heavy lifting; LICENSE, NOTICE, and README all credit upstream. Repo: https://github.com/defcom5-rockchip/ubuntu-rockchip Kernel: https://github.com/defcom5-rockchip/linux-rockchip-rk3588 Release: https://github.com/defcom5-rockchip/ubuntu-rockchip/releases/tag/defcom5-v1.0.0 (1.86GB .img.xz + sha256) Peace, defcom5

Also a small display with ST7796 and ADS7846 on shared SPI stopped working. Downgraded to 6.12 and all works. When you solve it, if you remember, give me a shout. Thanks

I was curious and looked into your script, I see parted uses sizes like 32MiB instead of sector numbers I tend to do when using gdisk or fdisk It is only the function write_uboot_platform_ufs() in the image that deals with 512/4k and then it is no issue for Btrfs as this is not related to CPU page-size issues I hinted earlier. So also older kernel is no issue and also RK3576 cannot do e.g. 16k page-size.

@sr4armbian not x96q but x98h. It’s similar to transpeed but it has the wifi you are looking for.

this I cannot remember I have experienced on my ROCK5B, it was indeed boot-loop when power 'was not good enough'; with fixed 12V power everything worked, even 3.5mm audio I remember. Now I have EDK2 UEFIv1.1 for the ROCK5B in the SPI-flash and it is like a PC, so even stores boot entries for several OSses (what is on the ESP). My ROCK3A showed similar behavior as your ROCK5B, that went away when fixed 12V power and Armbian legacy U-Boot and 6.1.115 (I use SATA overlay) At sector 64 the binary u-boot.bin is written, the terminology I am not sure of. You can look up all addresses the ROM uses at rock-chip.com or so. You might want to build/compile an as pure as possible and as latest as possible mainline U-Boot for ROCK5B, I saw kernel 6.17 or later should have fusb302 support, but it might be too late in the power-on process. EDK2 UEFIv1.1 has no fusb302 support.

Sorry I forgot to mention, I have used dts from Armbian-unofficial_25.05.0-trunk_Transpeed-8k618-t_bookworm_edge_6.12.11_server.img.xz version to make the 2nd USB working.

Thanks for replying. I have tried the images that you have suggested. Below given is the status. Armbian-unofficial_25.05.0-trunk_X96q-lpddr3-v1-3_bookworm_edge_6.12.11_server.img.xz - Not booting Armbian-unofficial_25.05.0-trunk_X96q-ddr3_bookworm_edge_6.12.11_server.img.xz - Not Booting Armbian-unofficial_25.05.0-trunk_X96q-ddr3-v5-1_bookworm_edge_6.12.11_server.img.xz - Boots but hangs at Btrfs step in the beginning itself Armbian-unofficial_25.05.0-trunk_Vontar-h618_bookworm_edge_6.12.11_server.img.xz - Boots but hangs at Btrfs step in the beginning itself Meanwhile I have tried to edit the dts file and modified the usb related entries from "disabled" to "okay" which made the 2nd USB working. Since the Ethernet is working fine the WiFI is less priority as of now. However if I can make the VFD working will help me to understand whether the device is up and running or powered off. At present the VFD is black so unable to check the status. Also it will be good to display the current time if possible.

Yeah no problem, heading to GitHub. No forum for Ubuntu and you are not covering the 5b so I tried. They will care about solid performance. defcom5

> My ROCK5B was ordered as a 'blue one' on Aliexpress a year ago Mine has green PCB with some text: Rock 5B v1.42022.08.29 U-boot at sector 64 is SPL or standard U-boot? From what I've read online it looks like if it was a power supply issue I would get a boot loop but my board never reset... It looks like U-boot has support for fusb302. I will build a U-boot with more logs to see if there is any negotiation going on. I've built a Nixos Image. I'm able to go up to U-boot console, start linux via extconfig then get some Linux logs but at some point it just stops without errors on some random log.

Hello, has anyone figured out how to get the ethernet working? I have only gotten the ethernet port to work with 100mbps.

Hi @sven-ola, first of all a huge thank you for maintaining this image — the work you're doing for the Orange Pi RV2 is genuinely appreciated, especially given how early the SpacemiT/K1 ecosystem still is. I'd like to kindly request enabling a few kernel config options in the next build. I'll split them by priority: Request 1 — TechniSat SkyStar USB 2 HD (simple, guaranteed fix) CONFIG_DVB_B2C2_FLEXCOP_USB=m The FlexCop core (CONFIG_DVB_B2C2_FLEXCOP=m) and all its dependencies are already enabled in the current kernel. This is a one-line addition that will make this DVB-S2 USB receiver work out of the box with no further changes needed. Request 2 — TBS DVB cards via out-of-tree media_build (best-effort) CONFIG_DVB_USB=m CONFIG_DVB_USB_V2=m CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER_DVB=y These are the required kernel-side foundations for the TBS linux_media out-of-tree driver tree to compile and load. All dependencies are already satisfied in the current config (DVB_CORE=y, MEDIA_USB_SUPPORT=y, MEDIA_CONTROLLER=y). I say "best-effort" because the TBS media_build source has compatibility issues with kernel 6.18 APIs that require manual patching regardless of kernel config — so these options are necessary but not the whole story on my end. That part is on me to sort out, not on you. Environment for reference: Board: Orange Pi RV2 (orangepirv2) Kernel: 6.18.33-current-spacemit Armbian: 26.8.0-trunk.61 (BRANCH=current) Thank you again for your time and effort — genuinely appreciated! 🙏