SBC News

Running Gemma 4 E2B on a Mali GPU with LiteRT-LMThis guide should work on any armbian minimal/console (trixie) system with a working Mali-g610 GPU. DO NOT USE DESKTOP Verified on: Orange Pi 5 Max (Rockchip RK3588, Arm Mali-G610 MC4), Armbian/Debian 13 (trixie), aarch64, 8 GB RAM. Status summary: Both CPU (XNNPACK) and GPU (WebGPU/Dawn → Vulkan → panvk → panthor) work on the mainline panthor kernel — numbers below. The GPU path needed one line of local patching in Mesa's panvk driver (raise maxImageDimension3D 512 → 2048 to meet the WebGPU minimums that LiteRT's Dawn library enforces; recipe in §5, rationale in §7.1). The model is multimodal (Text + Vision + Audio): the …

We’ll be in Frankfurt this Thursday for the AMD Embedded Computing Summit! See a live demo of our AI Magic Mirror for a touchless, real-time experience. View the full article

This week's work centers on Rockchip platform maturation, kernel and toolchain modernization, and board-level enablement across vendors. Rockchip received the largest share of attention, with RK3528 gaining a thermal driver, cooling-map refinements, and cleanup of legacy PCIe and pmdomain workarounds. The Radxa E24C now stores its U-Boot environment in SPI flash and reads switch port MAC addresses from EEPROM, while device trees for the Mixtile Blade 3, Core3588E, and Edge 2 were corrected. New board support was added for the Boardcon SBC3568, and the Rock 5T now ships an edge kernel. On the configuration side, hyphenated LINUXFAMILY handling was fixed in both the kernel …

This week's work centers on Rockchip platform maturation, kernel and toolchain modernization, and board-level enablement across vendors. Rockchip received the largest share of attention, with RK3528 gaining a thermal driver, cooling-map refinements, and cleanup of legacy PCIe and pmdomain workarounds. The Radxa E24C now stores its U-Boot environment in SPI flash and reads switch port MAC addresses from EEPROM, while device trees for the Mixtile Blade 3, Core3588E, and Edge 2 were corrected. New board support was added for the Boardcon SBC3568, and the Rock 5T now ships an edge kernel. On the configuration side, hyphenated LINUXFAMILY handling was fixed in both the kernel …

The annual X.Org Developer's Conference returns to Toronto September 28-30, and as a Gold Sponsor, Collabora's graphics team will present six talks and a workshop spanning Vulkan and Open Source GPU drivers. View the full article

This cycle centers on expanded board and SoC support, kernel maintenance across sunxi, rockchip, and sophgo families, and infrastructure refinements to installer, extensions, and CI tooling. New platform enablement covers a broad range of vendors and architectures. Notable additions include the EmbedFire LubanCat 3 v2 and Seeed reComputer RK3576 devkits, the TQ-Systems MBa62xx/MBa67xx TI K3 boards, the Tanix TX6s (Allwinner H616), and the ZTL A568 (RK3568). The Allwinner A733 line advances with a full HDMI display pipeline (DE33/RCQ), PCIe/NVMe, and U-Boot 2026.07 integration for sun55iw3, while the Sophgo SG200x family bumps edge to 7.2, gains TPU support for the Milk-V …

This cycle centers on expanded board and SoC support, kernel maintenance across sunxi, rockchip, and sophgo families, and infrastructure refinements to installer, extensions, and CI tooling. New platform enablement covers a broad range of vendors and architectures. Notable additions include the EmbedFire LubanCat 3 v2 and Seeed reComputer RK3576 devkits, the TQ-Systems MBa62xx/MBa67xx TI K3 boards, the Tanix TX6s (Allwinner H616), and the ZTL A568 (RK3568). The Allwinner A733 line advances with a full HDMI display pipeline (DE33/RCQ), PCIe/NVMe, and U-Boot 2026.07 integration for sun55iw3, while the Sophgo SG200x family bumps edge to 7.2, gains TPU support for the Milk-V …

Next week we'll be in Paris for Kernel Recipes! We’re pleased to sponsor this gathering of the kernel community and contribute a talk on upstream H.264 and HEVC decoding for Rockchip RK3588/RK3576. View the full article

Visit us at the STMicroelectronics booth at SIDO to see how the STM32MP2 platform enables responsive edge-AI applications for industrial use cases. View the full article

This week's work centers on new board and SoC enablement, a broad wireless driver and firmware overhaul, and continued kernel, boot, and installer refinements. Board support expanded on multiple fronts. A new RK3562 family was introduced alongside the KICKPI K3B with mainline U-Boot and Linux, and mainline 7.2 bring-up landed for the S5P6818 platform covering NanoPC-T3+, NanoPi M3, and Fire3. The FriendlyELEC NanoPi R28S, Wildfire Lubancat 3 v2, OrangePi CM5 Base edition, and SpacemiT Musebook (current branch) were added, while the Mixtile Edge2 and Blade 3, Orange Pi 5 Max/Ultra, and Banana Pi M2 Ultra received targeted fixes for Bluetooth, eMMC, Ethernet, and thermal be…

This week's work centers on new board and SoC enablement, a broad wireless driver and firmware overhaul, and continued kernel, boot, and installer refinements. Board support expanded on multiple fronts. A new RK3562 family was introduced alongside the KICKPI K3B with mainline U-Boot and Linux, and mainline 7.2 bring-up landed for the S5P6818 platform covering NanoPC-T3+, NanoPi M3, and Fire3. The FriendlyELEC NanoPi R28S, Wildfire Lubancat 3 v2, OrangePi CM5 Base edition, and SpacemiT Musebook (current branch) were added, while the Mixtile Edge2 and Blade 3, Orange Pi 5 Max/Ultra, and Banana Pi M2 Ultra received targeted fixes for Bluetooth, eMMC, Ethernet, and thermal be…

Working closely with Google, we built the first RDK-based Chrobalt reference platform for third-party devices, enabling Chromium-based YouTube support, certification, and automation on embedded TVs and set-top boxes. View the full article

Working closely with Google, we built the first RDK-based Chrobalt reference platform for third-party devices, enabling Chromium-based YouTube support, certification, and automation on embedded TVs and set-top boxes. View the full article

Turnip is the first Mesa driver to achieve official Vulkan conformance on Android, with stronger Android integration, shared Vulkan runtime improvements, and real-device CI testing on Qualcomm Adreno hardware. View the full article

Join us in Montreal for the 10th edition of RustConf! Catch our talk on Tyr, the new Rust kernel driver for Arm Mali GPUs. View the full article

Collabora is heading to Amsterdam! Join us at Booth A63 in Hall 14 to see GStreamer Analytics with machine learning, standalone XR remote rendering, and our MediaTek Genio-powered Magic Mirror for virtual clothing swaps. View the full article

This cycle centers on Linux 7.2/7.3 kernel enablement across out-of-tree drivers, new board support and platform fixes across Rockchip, SpacemiT, and Amlogic, and a broad documentation and CI cleanup. Kernel progression dominated the driver ecosystem, with 7.3 patch sets prepared for rockchip64, meson64, and the UEFI targets, and edge bumps to 7.2.3 landing for qcs6490, qrb2210, and sc8280xp. A wave of Wi‑Fi drivers was re-enabled and bumped for 7.3 compatibility, including rtl8189es/fs, rtl8192eu, rtl8723ds, rtl8852bs, uwe5622, and bcmdhd-dkms, most addressing the strncpy removal and the cfg80211 remain_on_channel cookie signature change. The rk35xx vendor kernel also ad…

This cycle centers on Linux 7.2/7.3 kernel enablement across out-of-tree drivers, new board support and platform fixes across Rockchip, SpacemiT, and Amlogic, and a broad documentation and CI cleanup. Kernel progression dominated the driver ecosystem, with 7.3 patch sets prepared for rockchip64, meson64, and the UEFI targets, and edge bumps to 7.2.3 landing for qcs6490, qrb2210, and sc8280xp. A wave of Wi‑Fi drivers was re-enabled and bumped for 7.3 compatibility, including rtl8189es/fs, rtl8192eu, rtl8723ds, rtl8852bs, uwe5622, and bcmdhd-dkms, most addressing the strncpy removal and the cfg80211 remain_on_channel cookie signature change. The rk35xx vendor kernel also ad…

This week's development centered on kernel and toolchain progression, expanded board support, and substantial wireless driver cleanup. Mainline tracking advanced with kernel bumps to 7.2-rc7, Rockchip edge promoted to 7.2, and sunxi edge moved to 7.1.y. Platform work included loong64 migration from debian-ports to the main Debian archive with corresponding apt repository publishing, mainline kernel and U-Boot enablement on the Avaota A1, restored CONFIG_DWMAC_SUN8I for sunxi64, and a new RK3528 bl32/DDR blob update. Rockchip64 also received backported fixes for an 8250 DMA reopen crash and for CAN TX stalls. Board coverage grew across multiple vendors, with the NanoPi NEO…

This week's development centered on kernel and toolchain progression, expanded board support, and substantial wireless driver cleanup. Mainline tracking advanced with kernel bumps to 7.2-rc7, Rockchip edge promoted to 7.2, and sunxi edge moved to 7.1.y. Platform work included loong64 migration from debian-ports to the main Debian archive with corresponding apt repository publishing, mainline kernel and U-Boot enablement on the Avaota A1, restored CONFIG_DWMAC_SUN8I for sunxi64, and a new RK3528 bl32/DDR blob update. Rockchip64 also received backported fixes for an 8250 DMA reopen crash and for CAN TX stalls. Board coverage grew across multiple vendors, with the NanoPi NEO…

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian 26.8 brings a major shift to the ecosystem, focusing heavily on rebuilding and refining the core tools users interact with every day. Anchored by the Linux 7.1 kernel across the tree, this milestone release introduces three major overhauls: a redesigned armbian-install utility featuring expanded boot topologies and standalone bootloader flashing, the all-new Imager 2.0, and standardized UEFI ISO images for seamless deployment across desktop and minimal environments. Paired wi…

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian 26.8 brings a major shift to the ecosystem, focusing heavily on rebuilding and refining the core tools users interact with every day. Anchored by the Linux 7.1 kernel across the tree, this milestone release introduces three major overhauls: a redesigned armbian-install utility featuring expanded boot topologies and standalone bootloader flashing, the all-new Imager 2.0, and standardized UEFI ISO images for seamless deployment across desktop and minimal environments. Paired wi…

The Milk-V Duo S is a very cheap and small board. It runs a Sophgo SG2000 with an Arm Cortex-A53 and a RISC-V C906, 512 MB of RAM, and a physical slide switch decides which one boots. Armbian now supports both architectures. PR #10326 landed the port (175 files) as two thin board targets – milkv-duos-arm and milkv-duos-riscv – over a single shared family include, so the bootloader pins can't drift apart. PR #10510 moved the edge branch to kernel 7.1. Standing on the shoulders of othersThere are at least 2 projects the port owes a lot to: queenkjuul/milkv-duo-ubuntu (Ubuntu on a mainline kernel 7.0, RISC-V) and Fishwaldo/sophgo-sg200x-debian (Debian sid, vendor kernel 5.10…

The Milk-V Duo S is a very cheap and small board. It runs a Sophgo SG2000 with an Arm Cortex-A53 and a RISC-V C906, 512 MB of RAM, and a physical slide switch decides which one boots. Armbian now supports both architectures. PR #10326 landed the port (175 files) as two thin board targets – milkv-duos-arm and milkv-duos-riscv – over a single shared family include, so the bootloader pins can't drift apart. PR #10510 moved the edge branch to kernel 7.1. Standing on the shoulders of othersThere are at least 2 projects the port owes a lot to: queenkjuul/milkv-duo-ubuntu (Ubuntu on a mainline kernel 7.0, RISC-V) and Fishwaldo/sophgo-sg200x-debian (Debian sid, vendor kernel 5.10…

Tyr’s latest Rust GPU kernel driver work puts GPU memory management in place, from VM binding and GPUVM to GEM-backed buffers and firmware boot, moving key pieces upstream before tackling synchronization next. View the full article

Modernizing SBC Storage: From Qualcomm EDL Flashing to SPI-to-NVMe Boots For years, single-board computer (SBC) storage followed a simple, predictable pattern: flash an image onto a microSD card or eMMC module, plug it in, and turn on the board. However, as modern embedded hardware approaches laptop-grade performance, that legacy approach is starting to break down. The latest quarter of Armbian development highlights a major shift toward modern storage pipelines. By combining Qualcomm Emergency Download (EDL) flashing in Armbian Imager 2.0 with a redesigned installation engine, Armbian is making high-performance hardware far easier to set up. Direct Qualcomm Flashing with…

Modernizing SBC Storage: From Qualcomm EDL Flashing to SPI-to-NVMe Boots For years, single-board computer (SBC) storage followed a simple, predictable pattern: flash an image onto a microSD card or eMMC module, plug it in, and turn on the board. However, as modern embedded hardware approaches laptop-grade performance, that legacy approach is starting to break down. The latest quarter of Armbian development highlights a major shift toward modern storage pipelines. By combining Qualcomm Emergency Download (EDL) flashing in Armbian Imager 2.0 with a redesigned installation engine, Armbian is making high-performance hardware far easier to set up. Direct Qualcomm Flashing with…

Rebuilding the tools you actually touchKernel 7.1 across the tree, a rewritten installer, Imager 2.0, and UEFI ISO images Three rewrites in one cycleMost releases are a long list of small improvements. This one had three larger pieces landing at roughly the same time, and all three touch parts of Armbian that people use directly rather than parts they only read about in changelogs. The installer was rewritten. Armbian Imager reached 2.0. And our CI moved out of the repository it had outgrown into one built for the job. None of these were planned to coincide; they simply reached the point where postponing them again would have cost more than doing them. The installer rewri…

Rebuilding the tools you actually touchKernel 7.1 across the tree, a rewritten installer, Imager 2.0, and UEFI ISO images Three rewrites in one cycleMost releases are a long list of small improvements. This one had three larger pieces landing at roughly the same time, and all three touch parts of Armbian that people use directly rather than parts they only read about in changelogs. The installer was rewritten. Armbian Imager reached 2.0. And our CI moved out of the repository it had outgrown into one built for the job. None of these were planned to coincide; they simply reached the point where postponing them again would have cost more than doing them. The installer rewri…

This week's changes center on expanded board and platform support, a modernized build and release pipeline anchored on Debian Trixie and ISO output, and a substantial documentation and release-process overhaul. On the hardware side, the EmbedFire LubanCat 4 (RK3588S) and Xiaomi Pad 6S Pro (sheng) join as new boards, Tanix TX6S is promoted to Supported, and Banana Pi R2 (MT7623) returns with kernel 6.18, edge 7.1, and U-Boot 2026.07. The reComputer RK3588 moves to the Panthor open-source GPU stack, NanoPCT6 U-Boot advances to v2026.07, and reComputer RK3576/RK3588 receives U-Boot fixes for SPI boot, NVMe, and rockusb. Several Rockchip and Qualcomm device trees are correcte…

This week's changes center on expanded board and platform support, a modernized build and release pipeline anchored on Debian Trixie and ISO output, and a substantial documentation and release-process overhaul. On the hardware side, the EmbedFire LubanCat 4 (RK3588S) and Xiaomi Pad 6S Pro (sheng) join as new boards, Tanix TX6S is promoted to Supported, and Banana Pi R2 (MT7623) returns with kernel 6.18, edge 7.1, and U-Boot 2026.07. The reComputer RK3588 moves to the Panthor open-source GPU stack, NanoPCT6 U-Boot advances to v2026.07, and reComputer RK3576/RK3588 receives U-Boot fixes for SPI boot, NVMe, and rockusb. Several Rockchip and Qualcomm device trees are correcte…

Linux kernel 7.2 adds broad core, Rust, and hardware-support updates, with Collabora contributing 102 patches across graphics, media, virtualization, networking, power management, and SoC enablement. View the full article

Linux kernel 7.2 adds broad core, Rust, and hardware-support updates, with Collabora contributing 102 patches across graphics, media, virtualization, networking, power management, and SoC enablement. View the full article

This week's development centered on kernel and toolchain progression, expanded board support, and substantial wireless driver cleanup. Mainline tracking advanced with kernel bumps to 7.2-rc7, Rockchip edge promoted to 7.2, and sunxi edge moved to 7.1.y. Platform work included loong64 migration from debian-ports to the main Debian archive with corresponding apt repository publishing, mainline kernel and U-Boot enablement on the Avaota A1, restored CONFIG_DWMAC_SUN8I for sunxi64, and a new RK3528 bl32/DDR blob update. Rockchip64 also received backported fixes for an 8250 DMA reopen crash and for CAN TX stalls. Board coverage grew across multiple vendors, with the NanoPi NEO…

This week's development centered on kernel and toolchain progression, expanded board support, and substantial wireless driver cleanup. Mainline tracking advanced with kernel bumps to 7.2-rc7, Rockchip edge promoted to 7.2, and sunxi edge moved to 7.1.y. Platform work included loong64 migration from debian-ports to the main Debian archive with corresponding apt repository publishing, mainline kernel and U-Boot enablement on the Avaota A1, restored CONFIG_DWMAC_SUN8I for sunxi64, and a new RK3528 bl32/DDR blob update. Rockchip64 also received backported fixes for an 8250 DMA reopen crash and for CAN TX stalls. Board coverage grew across multiple vendors, with the NanoPi NEO…

Collabora and MediaTek continue expanding upstream support across the Genio IoT family, with HDMI 2.0 now enabled for existing boards, Genio 520 and 720 support progressing in Linux, and Genio Pro 5100 enablement extending into U-Boot and Trusted Firmware-A. View the full article

This week's work centers on kernel 7.2 enablement across out-of-tree drivers, a redesigned armbian-install with expanded boot topologies, and new UEFI cloud ISO delivery alongside board additions. The mainline bump to 7.2-rc6 drove a coordinated pass through wireless and peripheral drivers, with compatibility updates landing for uwe5622, rtl8723ds, rtl8852bs, and radxa-aic8800, plus a broader rewrite of kernel configs and patch sets for the new baseline. Rockchip received targeted fixes including RGA3 upscaling flicker correction, scoped rk3576 HS400 DLL calibration, RK808 clkout cell naming, and a switch to CUBIC congestion control as the default. Additional platform wor…

This week's work centers on kernel 7.2 enablement across out-of-tree drivers, a redesigned armbian-install with expanded boot topologies, and new UEFI cloud ISO delivery alongside board additions. The mainline bump to 7.2-rc6 drove a coordinated pass through wireless and peripheral drivers, with compatibility updates landing for uwe5622, rtl8723ds, rtl8852bs, and radxa-aic8800, plus a broader rewrite of kernel configs and patch sets for the new baseline. Rockchip received targeted fixes including RGA3 upscaling flicker correction, scoped rk3576 HS400 DLL calibration, RK808 clkout cell naming, and a switch to CUBIC congestion control as the default. Additional platform wor…

This week's work centers on a consolidated uwe5622 Wi-Fi/Bluetooth driver, CI and repository infrastructure changes, and board and toolchain enablement across multiple SoC families. The uwe5622 driver has been relocated to a dedicated repository and unified across kernel versions. Initial commits address a use-after-free in mtty_probe(), resolve 157 -Wmissing-prototypes warnings, correct dev_addr const guards for kernels 5.17–6.18 under clang, and fix sdio_pub_int_init for the newer gpiod int_ap API on GCC 14. The build system now sources the driver from this repository, adds a GitHub Actions test workflow, and refactors the associated DVFS patch and kernel configuration.…

This week's work centers on a consolidated uwe5622 Wi-Fi/Bluetooth driver, CI and repository infrastructure changes, and board and toolchain enablement across multiple SoC families. The uwe5622 driver has been relocated to a dedicated repository and unified across kernel versions. Initial commits address a use-after-free in mtty_probe(), resolve 157 -Wmissing-prototypes warnings, correct dev_addr const guards for kernels 5.17–6.18 under clang, and fix sdio_pub_int_init for the newer gpiod int_ap API on GCC 14. The build system now sources the driver from this repository, adds a GitHub Actions test workflow, and refactors the associated DVFS patch and kernel configuration.…

Kraid, the new compiler for the Panfrost driver stack, now passes all 800,000 Vulkan CTS compute shader tests. This marks a major milestone, with work continuing on additional shader stages, code quality, and performance optimization. View the full article

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. The upcoming Armbian release 26.08 will be based on Linux 6.18 LTS, giving users the benefits of a long-term support kernel with improved hardware compatibility, security updates, and ongoing upstream maintenance. This provides a solid foundation for future development while keeping systems stable and reliable. SPONSORED …

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. The upcoming Armbian release 26.08 will be based on Linux 6.18 LTS, giving users the benefits of a long-term support kernel with improved hardware compatibility, security updates, and ongoing upstream maintenance. This provides a solid foundation for future development while keeping systems stable and reliable. SPONSORED …

When you download an Armbian image, flash it to your SD card or SSD, and boot your board, a huge amount of automation has already happened behind the scenes. That invisible engine is what you can see at https://actions.armbian.com. Think of it as the mission control center of Armbian’s infrastructure. It doesn’t look flashy, but it represents one of the most important parts of the project: the system that builds, tests, validates, and maintains Armbian for hundreds of boards, kernels, and configurations. Armbian isn’t just an operating system. It’s an automated production platform for embedded Linux.What is actions.armbian.com?actions.armbian.com is Armbian’s public autom…

When you download an Armbian image, flash it to your SD card or SSD, and boot your board, a huge amount of automation has already happened behind the scenes. That invisible engine is what you can see at https://actions.armbian.com. Think of it as the mission control center of Armbian’s infrastructure. It doesn’t look flashy, but it represents one of the most important parts of the project: the system that builds, tests, validates, and maintains Armbian for hundreds of boards, kernels, and configurations. Armbian isn’t just an operating system. It’s an automated production platform for embedded Linux.What is actions.armbian.com?actions.armbian.com is Armbian’s public autom…

Why thermal management is non-negotiable for modern SBCsBy Michael Robinson As Western Europe endures severe summer conditions with climate monitors at the Copernicus Climate Change Service reporting unprecedented regional heatwaves and extreme highs stretching across the continent ambient indoor conditions are testing the limits of self-hosted edge hardware. In unconditioned workspaces, home server racks, and industrial enclosures, rising ambient air temperatures erode the thermal headroom that single-board computers (SBCs) rely on. Modern System-on-Chips (SoCs) such as the Rockchip RK3588, Allwinner, and Broadcom platforms integrate high-performance CPUs, GPUs, and neur…

Why thermal management is non-negotiable for modern SBCsBy Michael Robinson As Western Europe endures severe summer conditions with climate monitors at the Copernicus Climate Change Service reporting unprecedented regional heatwaves and extreme highs stretching across the continent ambient indoor conditions are testing the limits of self-hosted edge hardware. In unconditioned workspaces, home server racks, and industrial enclosures, rising ambient air temperatures erode the thermal headroom that single-board computers (SBCs) rely on. Modern System-on-Chips (SoCs) such as the Rockchip RK3588, Allwinner, and Broadcom platforms integrate high-performance CPUs, GPUs, and neur…

RADV’s experimental Windows port brings Mesa’s open source Vulkan driver for AMD GPUs closer to running real workloads, while highlighting the need for a stable interface to AMD’s proprietary kernel driver. View the full article

This week's work centers on new board enablement and platform maintenance, kernel and U-Boot refresh across Rockchip and Sunxi, and CI/build infrastructure improvements. Board support expanded with the addition of Sovol Zero, SV08, and SV08 Max on the H616 platform, alongside mainline and edge enablement for the Recomputer RK3576 devkit. BeagleY-AI features were forward-ported through kernel 7.2, the Mekotronics R58S2 gained rockusb recovery-key support, and the NanoPi R3S received an ethernet alias. Vendor logos and board imagery were also refreshed on the website. On the kernel and bootloader side, the cix-p1 edge kernel moved to 7.1.5 with refreshed patches, meson64 dr…

This week's work centers on new board enablement and platform maintenance, kernel and U-Boot refresh across Rockchip and Sunxi, and CI/build infrastructure improvements. Board support expanded with the addition of Sovol Zero, SV08, and SV08 Max on the H616 platform, alongside mainline and edge enablement for the Recomputer RK3576 devkit. BeagleY-AI features were forward-ported through kernel 7.2, the Mekotronics R58S2 gained rockusb recovery-key support, and the NanoPi R3S received an ethernet alias. Vendor logos and board imagery were also refreshed on the website. On the kernel and bootloader side, the cix-p1 edge kernel moved to 7.1.5 with refreshed patches, meson64 dr…

This week's updates center on new hardware enablement, a broad U-Boot v2026.07 modernization, and build system hardening for toolchain and infrastructure changes. Board support expanded across multiple SoC families, including the X88 PRO RK3566 TV box, Avnet MaaXBoard 8ULP (i.MX8ULP), EASY EAI Nano (RV1126), and the AYN Odin3. The Youyeetoo R1 v3 was promoted to standard support with named audio outputs, while the Radxa Dragon Q8B gained an edge kernel (7.1) target. Rockchip work included RK3588 CAN support for kernels 6.18/7.1/7.2, HDMI-RX fixes on the OrangePi 5 Ultra, and Mixtile Blade3 refinements on the 7.2 bleeding edge. A coordinated U-Boot bump to v2026.07 landed …

This week's updates center on new hardware enablement, a broad U-Boot v2026.07 modernization, and build system hardening for toolchain and infrastructure changes. Board support expanded across multiple SoC families, including the X88 PRO RK3566 TV box, Avnet MaaXBoard 8ULP (i.MX8ULP), EASY EAI Nano (RV1126), and the AYN Odin3. The Youyeetoo R1 v3 was promoted to standard support with named audio outputs, while the Radxa Dragon Q8B gained an edge kernel (7.1) target. Rockchip work included RK3588 CAN support for kernels 6.18/7.1/7.2, HDMI-RX fixes on the OrangePi 5 Ultra, and Mixtile Blade3 refinements on the 7.2 bleeding edge. A coordinated U-Boot bump to v2026.07 landed …

The Holo Core aarch64 preview provides early binaries, sources, and containers for an Arch Linux-based aarch64 port, backed by tooling and CI work for reproducible rolling-release builds. View the full article

Weston 16 expands HDR and color management support, improves Perfetto debugging and DRM backend performance, and adds new protocol and renderer capabilities for more efficient and flexible Wayland compositor development. View the full article

Next week we'll be in Santa Fe, Argentina, for DebConf 2026! Catch our 2 talks covering the latest Apertis developments and toolkits in Debian. View the full article

This week's updates center on expanded board support, Rockchip and Qualcomm platform maturation, and build system refinements. New hardware coverage grew across multiple SoC families, with the Lubancat 5IO (RK3588), KickPi K3B, Mellow Fly C5 3D printer board, and community support for the Orange Pi Zero 3W (Allwinner A733). The Arduino UNO Q advanced to mainline 7.1 on the edge kernel and gained desktop hardware acceleration via Mesa pinned to Trixie backports, while the BeagleY-AI received ISP, IMX219, and VPAC patches. Companion fixes addressed NVMe/SD boot conflicts on the NanoPi M6, Ethernet on the BigTreeTech CB1, and AIC8800 UART Bluetooth on Orange Pi A733 hardware…

This week's updates center on expanded board support, Rockchip and Qualcomm platform maturation, and build system refinements. New hardware coverage grew across multiple SoC families, with the Lubancat 5IO (RK3588), KickPi K3B, Mellow Fly C5 3D printer board, and community support for the Orange Pi Zero 3W (Allwinner A733). The Arduino UNO Q advanced to mainline 7.1 on the edge kernel and gained desktop hardware acceleration via Mesa pinned to Trixie backports, while the BeagleY-AI received ISP, IMX219, and VPAC patches. Companion fixes addressed NVMe/SD boot conflicts on the NanoPi M6, Ethernet on the BigTreeTech CB1, and AIC8800 UART Bluetooth on Orange Pi A733 hardware…

AI development is shifting from implementing models from scratch to composing powerful capabilities via APIs, enabling developers to integrate speech recognition, language models, and tool execution into useful applications with far less effort. View the full article

This week's cycle emphasizes broad U-Boot modernization, new board and SoC enablement, and kernel and wireless driver consolidation. A large-scale U-Boot bump moves sunxi 32-bit and 64-bit targets from v2024.01 to v2026.07-rc4, with follow-on updates for self-pinned H616/H618 boards (Zero2W, Zero3, Longan Pi 3H), Mixtile Edge2, NanoPi R5S (now patch-less), and the Youyeetoo YY3588 switching to mainline v2026.04. The imx6 line (UDOO, Cubox-i) was modernized to U-Boot v2026.07 with legacy 6.12, current 6.18, and edge 7.1 kernels. Related toolchain work fixes ODROID-C1, ODROID-XU4, Recore, and X96Q builds under Trixie's GCC 14, and resolves errexit failures on Rockchip SPI b…

This week's cycle emphasizes broad U-Boot modernization, new board and SoC enablement, and kernel and wireless driver consolidation. A large-scale U-Boot bump moves sunxi 32-bit and 64-bit targets from v2024.01 to v2026.07-rc4, with follow-on updates for self-pinned H616/H618 boards (Zero2W, Zero3, Longan Pi 3H), Mixtile Edge2, NanoPi R5S (now patch-less), and the Youyeetoo YY3588 switching to mainline v2026.04. The imx6 line (UDOO, Cubox-i) was modernized to U-Boot v2026.07 with legacy 6.12, current 6.18, and edge 7.1 kernels. Related toolchain work fixes ODROID-C1, ODROID-XU4, Recore, and X96Q builds under Trixie's GCC 14, and resolves errexit failures on Rockchip SPI b…

This week's work centers on a comprehensive CI pipeline overhaul, expanded board and SoC support, and notable U-Boot and kernel modernization across Rockchip platforms. A substantial portion of the changes target CI infrastructure hardening in the new os-ci-test repository, including self-contained release handling, GHCR authentication via builtin tokens, watchdog-based auto-retry for stalled runs, proxy normalization, and sane build timeouts (60m packages, 30m/60m images). Related fixes in armbian/actions resolve datacenter runner proxy issues, while a rootfs change strips mmdebstrap's apt proxy from shipped images. Codeowners pruning of inactive maintainers and a Docker…

This week's work centers on a comprehensive CI pipeline overhaul, expanded board and SoC support, and notable U-Boot and kernel modernization across Rockchip platforms. A substantial portion of the changes target CI infrastructure hardening in the new os-ci-test repository, including self-contained release handling, GHCR authentication via builtin tokens, watchdog-based auto-retry for stalled runs, proxy normalization, and sane build timeouts (60m packages, 30m/60m images). Related fixes in armbian/actions resolve datacenter runner proxy issues, while a rootfs change strips mmdebstrap's apt proxy from shipped images. Codeowners pruning of inactive maintainers and a Docker…

Kraid is a new Rust-based compiler for Panfrost that replaces the aging Bifrost-rooted compiler stack with a cleaner, more flexible design for modern Mali GPUs, improving IR structure, register allocation, hardware testing, and long-term maintainability. View the full article

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. This week: the desktop installer in armbian-config has been rebuilt from the ground up tiered installs, clean uninstalls, and snap-free native browsers across all architectures. Armbian Imager 2.0 is out, rewritten interface and flashing engine, with boards that boot already configured (username, Wi-Fi, timezone) and byte-for-byte write verification. And the NanoPi M5 becomes the first RK3576 board to boot end-to-end from UFS on mainline U-Boot, with no proprietary image in the loop. …

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. This week: the desktop installer in armbian-config has been rebuilt from the ground up tiered installs, clean uninstalls, and snap-free native browsers across all architectures. Armbian Imager 2.0 is out, rewritten interface and flashing engine, with boards that boot already configured (username, Wi-Fi, timezone) and byte-for-byte write verification. And the NanoPi M5 becomes the first RK3576 board to boot end-to-end from UFS on mainline U-Boot, with no proprietary image in the loop. …

This week's work centers on board portfolio expansion, kernel and U-Boot version bumps, and CI and infrastructure hardening across the build and documentation pipelines. Board support saw notable growth with the introduction of the SpacemiT K3 Pico-ITX and Luckfox Nova (RK3308B), alongside a new generic uefi-arm64-dt family and board intended to standardize UEFI device-tree targets. Qualcomm enablement advanced through Radxa Dragon Q6A and Q8B work, including UFS provisioning for Kodiak, EDL-based UFS flashing in the imager, and audioreach topology firmware for sc8280xp. Catalog assets were extended for the MaaXBoard 8ULP, Mellow Fly C5, Xiaomi Sheng, and the new Radxa an…

This week's work centers on board portfolio expansion, kernel and U-Boot version bumps, and CI and infrastructure hardening across the build and documentation pipelines. Board support saw notable growth with the introduction of the SpacemiT K3 Pico-ITX and Luckfox Nova (RK3308B), alongside a new generic uefi-arm64-dt family and board intended to standardize UEFI device-tree targets. Qualcomm enablement advanced through Radxa Dragon Q6A and Q8B work, including UFS provisioning for Kodiak, EDL-based UFS flashing in the imager, and audioreach topology firmware for sc8280xp. Catalog assets were extended for the MaaXBoard 8ULP, Mellow Fly C5, Xiaomi Sheng, and the new Radxa an…

This week's work centers on board portfolio expansion, kernel and U-Boot version bumps, and CI and infrastructure hardening across the build and documentation pipelines. Board support saw notable growth with the introduction of the SpacemiT K3 Pico-ITX and Luckfox Nova (RK3308B), alongside a new generic uefi-arm64-dt family and board intended to standardize UEFI device-tree targets. Qualcomm enablement advanced through Radxa Dragon Q6A and Q8B work, including UFS provisioning for Kodiak, EDL-based UFS flashing in the imager, and audioreach topology firmware for sc8280xp. Catalog assets were extended for the MaaXBoard 8ULP, Mellow Fly C5, Xiaomi Sheng, and the new Radxa an…

This week's work centers on board portfolio expansion, kernel and U-Boot version bumps, and CI and infrastructure hardening across the build and documentation pipelines. Board support saw notable growth with the introduction of the SpacemiT K3 Pico-ITX and Luckfox Nova (RK3308B), alongside a new generic uefi-arm64-dt family and board intended to standardize UEFI device-tree targets. Qualcomm enablement advanced through Radxa Dragon Q6A and Q8B work, including UFS provisioning for Kodiak, EDL-based UFS flashing in the imager, and audioreach topology firmware for sc8280xp. Catalog assets were extended for the MaaXBoard 8ULP, Mellow Fly C5, Xiaomi Sheng, and the new Radxa an…

Join us on June 18 for our low-latency ML video analytics demo on the Ryzen AI Max 300 Series at the AMD Embedded Computing Summit! View the full article

Linux kernel 7.1 brings improvements across filesystems, networking, scheduling, graphics, Rust, and hardware enablement, with Collabora contributing 65 patches from 16 engineers across Panthor, DRM, Rockchip, MediaTek, and driver fixes across the kernel. View the full article

This week's work centers on kernel and board enablement, CI infrastructure and caching, and user-facing tooling improvements across the imager and configuration utilities. On the kernel and board front, Rockchip edge moved to 7.1 and mainline was bumped to 7.1-rc7, while the Raspberry Pi 4B legacy target was re-enabled after a brief revert of the BCM2711 kernel bumps. New board support landed for BeagleBadge and TMDS64EVM (AM64x) on the TI platform, the Anbernic RG DS RK3568 handheld as CSC, and the Youyeetoo YY3588 received a mainline DTS rework with ES8388 audio routing. Several long-standing fixes were merged, including a meson64 GPIO can_sleep regression breaking 1-Wi…

This week's work centers on kernel and board enablement, CI infrastructure and caching, and user-facing tooling improvements across the imager and configuration utilities. On the kernel and board front, Rockchip edge moved to 7.1 and mainline was bumped to 7.1-rc7, while the Raspberry Pi 4B legacy target was re-enabled after a brief revert of the BCM2711 kernel bumps. New board support landed for BeagleBadge and TMDS64EVM (AM64x) on the TI platform, the Anbernic RG DS RK3568 handheld as CSC, and the Youyeetoo YY3588 received a mainline DTS rework with ES8388 audio routing. Several long-standing fixes were merged, including a meson64 GPIO can_sleep regression breaking 1-Wi…

Next week we'll be in Long Beach, California for AWE USA 2026. Catch our talk exploring OpenXR, from its practical foundation for cross-platform XR interoperability, to its extension support across devices, and more! View the full article

This week's updates center on new board enablement, Rockchip platform refinements, and tooling and kernel maintenance. Board support expanded across multiple silicon families, with the addition of Seeed Studio reComputer RK3576/RK3588 DevKits and the Anbernic RG DS handheld image. The EasePi A2/R2 received substantial revisions to its board configurations and device trees, alongside a vendor logo transition to Linkease. SpacemiT K1 boot support was updated, and per-SoC LINUXCONFIG separation was introduced for the TQ family to better isolate kernel configurations. Rockchip received the bulk of low-level improvements. Notable changes include AUX recovery for USB-C DP Alt M…

This week's updates center on new board enablement, Rockchip platform refinements, and tooling and kernel maintenance. Board support expanded across multiple silicon families, with the addition of Seeed Studio reComputer RK3576/RK3588 DevKits and the Anbernic RG DS handheld image. The EasePi A2/R2 received substantial revisions to its board configurations and device trees, alongside a vendor logo transition to Linkease. SpacemiT K1 boot support was updated, and per-SoC LINUXCONFIG separation was introduced for the TQ family to better isolate kernel configurations. Rockchip received the bulk of low-level improvements. Notable changes include AUX recovery for USB-C DP Alt M…

We're releasing Armbian Imager 2.0. We rebuilt the whole thing, the interface and the flashing engine underneath it. The part you'll notice first: your board boots already set up. Username, password, Wi-Fi, timezone, language. You tell Imager once, it writes that into the image, and the board comes up configured on first boot. No monitor, no keyboard, none of that blind first login. Set it up once. It configures itself.This is the big change in 2.0. You build a profile in settings: username and password, an SSH key, your Wi-Fi network and country code, timezone, locale, shell. Imager writes it straight into the image's filesystem while it flashes. Power on the board, it r…

We're releasing Armbian Imager 2.0. We rebuilt the whole thing, the interface and the flashing engine underneath it. The part you'll notice first: your board boots already set up. Username, password, Wi-Fi, timezone, language. You tell Imager once, it writes that into the image, and the board comes up configured on first boot. No monitor, no keyboard, none of that blind first login. Set it up once. It configures itself.This is the big change in 2.0. You build a profile in settings: username and password, an SSH key, your Wi-Fi network and country code, timezone, locale, shell. Imager writes it straight into the image's filesystem while it flashes. Power on the board, it r…

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian v26.5.1 delivers another strong round of improvements across the project, focusing on expanded hardware support, desktop and userland refinements, build framework modernization, and infrastructure enhancements. This release introduces new board images and platform updates, improves Ubuntu 26.04 "Resolute" integration, refines Bianbu desktop support, adds firmware and driver updates including AX210 wireless support, and continues ongoing work to strengthen the build system, CI …

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian v26.5.1 delivers another strong round of improvements across the project, focusing on expanded hardware support, desktop and userland refinements, build framework modernization, and infrastructure enhancements. This release introduces new board images and platform updates, improves Ubuntu 26.04 "Resolute" integration, refines Bianbu desktop support, adds firmware and driver updates including AX210 wireless support, and continues ongoing work to strengthen the build system, CI …

Armbian's next release boots the FriendlyElec NanoPi M5 end-to-end from UFS on a mainline U-Boot, with no proprietary recovery image in the loop. It is the first RK3576 board in the catalogue to reach this state, and the integration pattern paves the way for the others. UFS, the storage class that replaced eMMC in phones, is packet-based and full-duplex with command queuing. The practical gain over an SD card shows up in random I/O, in latency under concurrent load, and in write endurance that holds up over years of deployment. FriendlyElec ships UFS on the M5 because the RK3576 has a native UFS controller, a sensible choice for any board destined for kiosks, robots, or i…

Armbian's next release boots the FriendlyElec NanoPi M5 end-to-end from UFS on a mainline U-Boot, with no proprietary recovery image in the loop. It is the first RK3576 board in the catalogue to reach this state, and the integration pattern paves the way for the others. UFS, the storage class that replaced eMMC in phones, is packet-based and full-duplex with command queuing. The practical gain over an SD card shows up in random I/O, in latency under concurrent load, and in write endurance that holds up over years of deployment. FriendlyElec ships UFS on the M5 because the RK3576 has a native UFS controller, a sensible choice for any board destined for kiosks, robots, or i…

This week's work centers on board support expansion, kernel and U-Boot maintenance, and desktop and CI tooling refinements. On the platform side, the Radxa Cubie A5E received Wi-Fi enablement and a kernel refresh as part of a broader update, while the youyeetoo YY3588 was promoted from CSC to standard support and the YY3568 gained PCIe NVMe functionality. The NanoPi R76S and Rock 5 ITX were both migrated to mainline U-Boot v2026.04, dropping vendor-branch gates, and the Vanxoak HD-RK3506-EVB was added with vendor and board imagery. Kernel hygiene dominated the maintenance work: duplicate OPP labels on the Xiaoxin Pad Pro (sm8250) were corrected, broken UHS-I, xo-clock, SD…

This week's work centers on board support expansion, kernel and U-Boot maintenance, and desktop and CI tooling refinements. On the platform side, the Radxa Cubie A5E received Wi-Fi enablement and a kernel refresh as part of a broader update, while the youyeetoo YY3588 was promoted from CSC to standard support and the YY3568 gained PCIe NVMe functionality. The NanoPi R76S and Rock 5 ITX were both migrated to mainline U-Boot v2026.04, dropping vendor-branch gates, and the Vanxoak HD-RK3506-EVB was added with vendor and board imagery. Kernel hygiene dominated the maintenance work: duplicate OPP labels on the Xiaoxin Pad Pro (sm8250) were corrected, broken UHS-I, xo-clock, SD…

New upstream BlueZ documentation helps simplify Bluetooth qualification for Linux-based products by mapping supported profiles, test requirements, software versions, and manual steps in one place. View the full article

Embedded Recipes returns to Nice for its second standalone edition, along with Linux Media Summit, PipeWire, libcamera, GStreamer Spring Hackfest, and new Display Next Hackfest & BlueZ F2F. Visit our table for Tyr, ML video analytics & Flipper One prototype! View the full article

Collabora is proud to share that we've partnered with Flipper Devices to work together on building an open Linux platform for hardware hackers. The long-awaited Flipper One will be built on the Rockchip RK3576! View the full article

This week's work advances on three fronts: kernel and bleedingedge alignment across Rockchip and Sunxi trees, board and platform enablement spanning RV1106 to SpacemiT, and CI hardening with self-hosted runner maintenance. On the kernel side, bleedingedge was bumped to 7.1-rc3, accompanied by cfg80211 API fixes and re-enablement of the rtl8189fs and rtl8852bs drivers for the new release. Both the rockchip64 and sunxi patch stacks for current and edge were rewritten, an upstream ptrace fix for CVE-2026-46333 was backported to linux-rockchip, and the odroidxu4-current kernel moved to 6.6.139. Platform enablement was broad. The Ayn Odin2 gained 7.0 kernel support, the Mekotr…

This week's work advances on three fronts: kernel and bleedingedge alignment across Rockchip and Sunxi trees, board and platform enablement spanning RV1106 to SpacemiT, and CI hardening with self-hosted runner maintenance. On the kernel side, bleedingedge was bumped to 7.1-rc3, accompanied by cfg80211 API fixes and re-enablement of the rtl8189fs and rtl8852bs drivers for the new release. Both the rockchip64 and sunxi patch stacks for current and edge were rewritten, an upstream ptrace fix for CVE-2026-46333 was backported to linux-rockchip, and the odroidxu4-current kernel moved to 6.6.139. Platform enablement was broad. The Ayn Odin2 gained 7.0 kernel support, the Mekotr…

See how Tyr moves beyond MCU firmware boot to build the group, queue, VM, submission, and completion paths needed to run real Vulkan workloads on Mali CSF GPUs. View the full article

Join us next week in Utrecht for RustWeek! We'll be running a SuperTuxKart tournament to showcase Tyr, the Rust driver for Arm Mali GPUs. Come and see if you've got what it takes! View the full article

This week's work centers on release and CI infrastructure, board and U-Boot updates, and build framework hardening. On the release pipeline, asset manifest JSON is now emitted alongside uploads, third-party armbian-images.json sources are merged into the main download index, and dispatch chains were rewired so that build completion fans out cleanly to download-index regeneration and website sync. Ubuntu resolute (26.04) entered the daily build matrix, with corresponding prepare-host adjustments for its qemu-user packaging and a targeted blacklist for boards failing resolute plus GNOME. The new Armbian SDK images are now surfaced on the website and ship preloaded with the …

This week's work centers on release and CI infrastructure, board and U-Boot updates, and build framework hardening. On the release pipeline, asset manifest JSON is now emitted alongside uploads, third-party armbian-images.json sources are merged into the main download index, and dispatch chains were rewired so that build completion fans out cleanly to download-index regeneration and website sync. Ubuntu resolute (26.04) entered the daily build matrix, with corresponding prepare-host adjustments for its qemu-user packaging and a targeted blacklist for boards failing resolute plus GNOME. The new Armbian SDK images are now surfaced on the website and ship preloaded with the …

A complete breakdown of Mesa’s NIR compiler detailing how it optimizes shader memory access with SSA promotion, deref analysis, copy propagation, and store elimination to reduce memory traffic and improve GPU performance. View the full article

Collabora brought Bluetooth Auracast broadcasting to MediaTek Genio 700 for Embedded World 2026. Here's the complete, fully Open Source setup featuring Debian, BlueZ, PipeWire, with all the code and configs from our live booth demo. View the full article

This week's work centers on release pipeline modernization, desktop and userland refinements, and board and kernel platform maintenance. On the release and CI side, the build matrix gained codename parameterisation with Ubuntu 26.04 "resolute" set as default, a dedicated Bianbu target, and exposed map overrides, while standard-support targets now include UEFI desktops and a plain cloud variant. The KDE fast-HDMI matrix was switched from kde-neon to kde-plasma, mesa-vpu was dropped from auto-attached extensions, and external CI now skips slots with a warning when upstream sources break. Supporting fixes route forky/loong64 base-files lookups to the main archive and add AI …

This week's work centers on release pipeline modernization, desktop and userland refinements, and board and kernel platform maintenance. On the release and CI side, the build matrix gained codename parameterisation with Ubuntu 26.04 "resolute" set as default, a dedicated Bianbu target, and exposed map overrides, while standard-support targets now include UEFI desktops and a plain cloud variant. The KDE fast-HDMI matrix was switched from kde-neon to kde-plasma, mesa-vpu was dropped from auto-attached extensions, and external CI now skips slots with a warning when upstream sources break. Supporting fixes route forky/loong64 base-files lookups to the main archive and add AI …

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian has released images based on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, codenamed Resolute Raccoon the latest long-term support base. As always, Armbian applies its own platform-optimized kernel, board-specific patches, and tested drivers on top so what you get is a clean, stable foundation across SBCs, PCs, and cloud environments, with no Snap packages, fully compatible with the Ubuntu ecosystem, and no surprises. SPONSORED …

Welcome to the latest Armbian Newsletter: your source for the latest developments, community highlights, and behind-the-scenes updates from the world of open-source ARM and RISC-V computing. Armbian has released images based on Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, codenamed Resolute Raccoon the latest long-term support base. As always, Armbian applies its own platform-optimized kernel, board-specific patches, and tested drivers on top so what you get is a clean, stable foundation across SBCs, PCs, and cloud environments, with no Snap packages, fully compatible with the Ubuntu ecosystem, and no surprises. SPONSORED …

This week in Armbian development saw a broad range of updates spanning kernel enhancements, desktop improvements, and infrastructure refinements. Notable changes include new developer documentation for the desktop submodule, expanded GPU and multimedia support for vendor-kernel desktops, and several kernel version bumps for various platforms. The build system received fixes for filesystem resizing and improved dependency handling, while CI workflows were optimized with increased timeouts and better error handling. New hardware targets were added, including Radxa Dragon Q6A and Nio 12L, alongside updates to u-boot and kernel drivers for multiple devices. Additional improve…